82 Doctoral Steles of the Le – Mac Dynasties at the Temple of Literature – Imperial Academy
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On both sides of the Thien Quang Well in the Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam relic site are 82 stone steles bearing the names of doctoral laureates, corresponding to 82 examinations held from 1442 to 1779. According to UNESCO, the steles were erected between about 1484 and 1780 to record these examinations.
Each stele is engraved with an inscription in Han characters, recording the history of the examination, the names and native places of the laureates, along with the date the stele was erected and the names of the officials who composed, edited, wrote, and carved the text. This information confirms the originality of each stele. The inscriptions also reflect the dynasties' views on education and the employment of talented people.
All the steles follow a common style: a flat stele with an arched top, placed on the back of a stone turtle. The decorations, turtle shapes, and engraved scripts vary by period, helping distinguish steles from different periods.
On March 9, 2010, the Asia-Pacific Regional Memory of the World Committee inscribed the 82 Doctoral Steles. In May 2011, the UNESCO Director-General approved their inclusion in the Global Memory of the World Register. The 82 Doctoral Steles have also been recognized by the Prime Minister as National Treasures.
The steles are located in the Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam relic site (main gate at 58 Quoc Tu Giam), open 8:00–17:00 daily. Ticket prices: adults 70,000 VND; Vietnamese students, the elderly, and people with severe disabilities 35,000 VND; free for children under 16.
